Communication is an essential component of palliative care; communication difficulties are recognized stress factor among health professionals especially nurses. Aims of the study: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between burnout and self –esteem and evaluate the effectiveness of communication skills training among nurses working in psychiatric hospital at Assiut. The study was carried out at Assiut psychiatric mental health Hospital, Ministry of health. The study sample comprised of 30 nurses (14 males and 16 females), tools of the study: five tools were used for data collection, namely: Sociodemographic Data Structured Interview schedules, Burnout rating scale, Self – esteem inventory, Communication skills checklist (Cs – list), and Educational program evaluation sheet. Results: The main results yielded by the study proved that, the highest percentage among nurses aged from 30 or more than 30 years, females than males, and single, more than ⅔ (73.3%) of the studied group lived in rural area. Recommendation: the study recommended continuous education provided for all working nursing personnel and make nurses updated of new knowledge and technology.

children and adolescents were influenced by media; they learned by imitating and observing their own which leading to aggressive attitudes and behaviors. The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of media violence on adolescent's aggressive behaviors. The study was carried out in different eleven settings in Assiut city. The study sample comprised 806 participants between the age of 12 and 18 years participated in the study. Four tools were used for data collection, namely: Sociodemographic data structured interview schedules, assessment questionnaire sheet of children, assessment of social class scale and assessment of aggressive behavior scale. The main results yielded by the study proved that, males more likely exposed to television programs violence, movies, internet movies and favorite violence exposure than females, they were spent more time during watching or playing. The study recommended encouraging lots of social and extracurricular activities for children by finding other fun activities for them will probably to be more effective.

Communication skills are the ability of an individual displays in consistently demonstrates the ability to effective communicate with clients, colleagues, subordinates and supervisors in professional manner and in the personal department. This study aimed to design, implementing and evaluating the effectiveness of an educational training program of communication skills addressed to nursing staff to help them improve their caring competencies of mentally ill patients. The study was carried out at Assiut Psychiatric Mental Health Hospital, Ministry of Health. The study sample comprised 30 nurses (14 males and 16 females); data were collected through pre/post three months post the educational training program. The main results yielded by the study proved that, the highest percentage among nurses aged from 30 or more than 30 years, females than males, and single, more than ⅔ (73.3%) of the studied group was lived in rural area and the scores of knowledge and practical skills of communication were improved after application of educational training program among nurses . The study recommended continuous education provided for all nursing personnel working with psychiatric patients and Communication skills methods as a training program should be provided to all nurses at regular sessions by professional people in the field of mental health to train them on dealing with stressful situation. And make nurses updated of new knowledge and to be good communicator to handles of patient's care.

Routine assessment of impulsivity and accompanying coping skills is essential for planning care and appropriate management of patients identified as impulsive. Impulsivity is one of the defining characteristics of many adult psychiatric disorders and is also a key component in the clinical risk assessment of anger and aggression. This study aimed to assess the impulsivity and coping skills among psychiatric patients and to determine the relationship between impulsivity and coping skills. The study was carried out in psychiatric outpatient clinic at Assiut University Hospital. The study sample comprised 120 psychiatric patients (70 males) and (50 females), diagnosed with schizophrenia, mood disorders and delusional disorder. Three tools were used for data collection, namely: Patient's assessment structured interview schedule, Impulsivity scale, and Coping scale. the main results yielded by the study proved that, concerning the level of impulsivity , the majority sample had moderate impulsivity, highest among patient's aged from 30–39 years, males than females (51%), married, illiterate (33%), and farmers (32%). The study recommended teaching nurses to understanding the effect of impulsivity on personality, behavior and coping strategies is essential for the accurate assessment and appropriate management of impulsive individuals.

Mothers' Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Acute Diarrheal Disease at Outpatient Clinic ,Assiut University Children's Hospital *Amel A. Mohamed,** Khalid I.El Sayh, *Safaa A.M. Kotb, *Neama M .El Magrabi *Community Health Nursing ., Faculty of Nursing., Assuit University ** Pediatrics Medicine ., Faculty of Medicine., Assuit University Abstract: Background: Diarrhea occurs world wide and causes 4% of all deaths. It is most commonly caused by gastrointestinal infections which kill around 2.2 million people globally each year, mostly children in developing countries. In 2008, Egypt prevalence of diarrhea in children aged under five years who receiving Oral Rehydration Solution is 28.4 %. Aim of the study was to assess mothers' knowledge and attitude regarding management of acute diarrhea .Subject and Method: cross sectional study was used. It included 600 randomly selected mothers from Assiut University Children's Hospital during 2012. Data Collection from mothers through two tools; first tool was interview questionnaire sheet. It consisted of two parts; first part included Socio-demographic data and the second part mothers' knowledge about diarrhea. The second tool included likert scale to assess mothers' attitude towards diarrhea. Results: The mean age of mothers ± SD was 26.08 ± 5.401, with no significant relation between mothers' age and their knowledge regarding diarrhea . As regards level of education, it was observed that about than two fifth (40.7%) of mothers were illiterate, while only 9.3% of them were high education. 57.8 % of mothers had satisfactory knowledge of about diarrhea. While, 86.2% of them had positive attitude towards diarrheal disease. Conclusion: There was a significant difference between mothers' knowledge and their education level. Also, there was a significant difference between numbers of diarrheal episodes and type of feeding. Recommendations: It is very important to provide good sanitation and improvement of housing conditions especially in rural areas.

Mothers' Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Acute Diarrheal Disease at Outpatient Clinic ,Assiut University Children's Hospital *Amel A. Mohamed,** Khalid I.El Sayh, *Safaa A.M. Kotb, *Neama M .El Magrabi *Community Health Nursing ., Faculty of Nursing., Assuit University ** Pediatrics Medicine ., Faculty of Medicine., Assuit University Abstract: Background: Diarrhea occurs world wide and causes 4% of all deaths. It is most commonly caused by gastrointestinal infections which kill around 2.2 million people globally each year, mostly children in developing countries. In 2008, Egypt prevalence of diarrhea in children aged under five years who receiving Oral Rehydration Solution is 28.4 %. Aim of the study was to assess mothers' knowledge and attitude regarding management of acute diarrhea .Subject and Method: cross sectional study was used. It included 600 randomly selected mothers from Assiut University Children's Hospital during 2012. Data Collection from mothers through two tools; first tool was interview questionnaire sheet. It consisted of two parts; first part included Socio-demographic data and the second part mothers' knowledge about diarrhea. The second tool included likert scale to assess mothers' attitude towards diarrhea. Results: The mean age of mothers ± SD was 26.08 ± 5.401, with no significant relation between mothers' age and their knowledge regarding diarrhea . As regards level of education, it was observed that about than two fifth (40.7%) of mothers were illiterate, while only 9.3% of them were high education. 57.8 % of mothers had satisfactory knowledge of about diarrhea. While, 86.2% of them had positive attitude towards diarrheal disease. Conclusion: There was a significant difference between mothers' knowledge and their education level. Also, there was a significant difference between numbers of diarrheal episodes and type of feeding. Recommendations: It is very important to provide good sanitation and improvement of housing conditions especially in rural areas.

Mothers' Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Acute Diarrheal Disease at Outpatient Clinic ,Assiut University Children's Hospital *Amel A. Mohamed,** Khalid I.El Sayh, *Safaa A.M. Kotb, *Neama M .El Magrabi *Community Health Nursing ., Faculty of Nursing., Assuit University ** Pediatrics Medicine ., Faculty of Medicine., Assuit University Abstract: Background: Diarrhea occurs world wide and causes 4% of all deaths. It is most commonly caused by gastrointestinal infections which kill around 2.2 million people globally each year, mostly children in developing countries. In 2008, Egypt prevalence of diarrhea in children aged under five years who receiving Oral Rehydration Solution is 28.4 %. Aim of the study was to assess mothers' knowledge and attitude regarding management of acute diarrhea .Subject and Method: cross sectional study was used. It included 600 randomly selected mothers from Assiut University Children's Hospital during 2012. Data Collection from mothers through two tools; first tool was interview questionnaire sheet. It consisted of two parts; first part included Socio-demographic data and the second part mothers' knowledge about diarrhea. The second tool included likert scale to assess mothers' attitude towards diarrhea. Results: The mean age of mothers ± SD was 26.08 ± 5.401, with no significant relation between mothers' age and their knowledge regarding diarrhea . As regards level of education, it was observed that about than two fifth (40.7%) of mothers were illiterate, while only 9.3% of them were high education. 57.8 % of mothers had satisfactory knowledge of about diarrhea. While, 86.2% of them had positive attitude towards diarrheal disease. Conclusion: There was a significant difference between mothers' knowledge and their education level. Also, there was a significant difference between numbers of diarrheal episodes and type of feeding. Recommendations: It is very important to provide good sanitation and improvement of housing conditions especially in rural areas.

Mothers' Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Acute Diarrheal Disease at Outpatient Clinic ,Assiut University Children's Hospital *Amel A. Mohamed,** Khalid I.El Sayh, *Safaa A.M. Kotb, *Neama M .El Magrabi *Community Health Nursing ., Faculty of Nursing., Assuit University ** Pediatrics Medicine ., Faculty of Medicine., Assuit University Abstract: Background: Diarrhea occurs world wide and causes 4% of all deaths. It is most commonly caused by gastrointestinal infections which kill around 2.2 million people globally each year, mostly children in developing countries. In 2008, Egypt prevalence of diarrhea in children aged under five years who receiving Oral Rehydration Solution is 28.4 %. Aim of the study was to assess mothers' knowledge and attitude regarding management of acute diarrhea .Subject and Method: cross sectional study was used. It included 600 randomly selected mothers from Assiut University Children's Hospital during 2012. Data Collection from mothers through two tools; first tool was interview questionnaire sheet. It consisted of two parts; first part included Socio-demographic data and the second part mothers' knowledge about diarrhea. The second tool included likert scale to assess mothers' attitude towards diarrhea. Results: The mean age of mothers ± SD was 26.08 ± 5.401, with no significant relation between mothers' age and their knowledge regarding diarrhea . As regards level of education, it was observed that about than two fifth (40.7%) of mothers were illiterate, while only 9.3% of them were high education. 57.8 % of mothers had satisfactory knowledge of about diarrhea. While, 86.2% of them had positive attitude towards diarrheal disease. Conclusion: There was a significant difference between mothers' knowledge and their education level. Also, there was a significant difference between numbers of diarrheal episodes and type of feeding. Recommendations: It is very important to provide good sanitation and improvement of housing conditions especially in rural areas.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an emerging global epidemic disease. Egypt reported the highest incidence in the world. Aim of the study: To assess knowledge, attitudes and practices of barbers and their customers regarding HCV and HBV. Setting: The study carried out in Assiut District and City. Design: Descriptive research design. Sample: Included 350 participants (175 barbers and 175 customers). Tools of the study: Data collected by three tools; Tool (1): interview form included three parts; first part included demographic data; second part included assessment of medical and surgical history of barbers and customers and third part included assessment of knowledge regarding the HCV&HBV. Tool (2): Included Likert attitude scale. Tool (3): Observational checklist to assess practices of barbers and customers. Results: Majority of barbers and their customers (88.6% and 80.6% respectively) had poor knowledge regarding HCV and HBV. Conclusion: There was a statistical significant difference among customers' knowledge, their level of education and their residence. Moreover there was a significant difference between customers' attitude and their residence. Recommendations: Need for ongoing training and retraining programs for barbers regarding methods of prevention of parentally transmitted hepatitis. Increase public awareness about risk factors and prevention methods of HCV and HBV infection.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an emerging global epidemic disease. Egypt reported the highest incidence in the world. Aim of the study: To assess knowledge, attitudes and practices of barbers and their customers regarding HCV and HBV. Setting: The study carried out in Assiut District and City. Design: Descriptive research design. Sample: Included 350 participants (175 barbers and 175 customers). Tools of the study: Data collected by three tools; Tool (1): interview form included three parts; first part included demographic data; second part included assessment of medical and surgical history of barbers and customers and third part included assessment of knowledge regarding the HCV&HBV. Tool (2): Included Likert attitude scale. Tool (3): Observational checklist to assess practices of barbers and customers. Results: Majority of barbers and their customers (88.6% and 80.6% respectively) had poor knowledge regarding HCV and HBV. Conclusion: There was a statistical significant difference among customers' knowledge, their level of education and their residence. Moreover there was a significant difference between customers' attitude and their residence. Recommendations: Need for ongoing training and retraining programs for barbers regarding methods of prevention of parentally transmitted hepatitis. Increase public awareness about risk factors and prevention methods of HCV and HBV infection.